Temperaturreglerande ekosystemtjänster i stadsmiljö : Behovsanalys av ett planerat bostadsområde och skillnader i vegetations temperatursänkande förmåga

The purpose of this report was to implement a temperature regulating perspective in an early stage of urban planning in a residential/school area in Västra Valhallavägen, Stockholm (Sweden). Further, the purpose was to evaluate the outdoor temperature during summer days and investigate how differences in size and placing of conifers, deciduous trees and bushes could affect the mitigation of the mean radiant temperature. The evaluation was based on three indicators; the maximum heat island, ground elevation and mean radiant temperature, using ArcMap 10 and SOLWEIG. The maximum heat island temperatures were highest in dense areas with tall buildings. The mean radiant temperature peaked in the high elevated areas and in the most open spaces. Preschool area 2 was evaluated to be in greatest need of temperature regulation and the mean radiant temperature was analyzed further. The radiant temperatures peaked during the 8 am and 10 - 12 am period, and measured between 68-78 °C depending on the month. Four scenarios with different vegetation were made to cool the area. A combination of 10 meter high conifers and deciduous trees was the most effective way to decrease local high radiation temperatures during the morning and mid-day. The report shows that by evaluating of the need for temperature regulation and further apply detailed planning of vegetation early in the planning process of a residential area, the radiant temperature can be mitigated and therefor decreasing the risk for heat related deaths and illnesses.