Risk analysis in school feeding in public kindergartens in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro

O Programa de Alimentação destinado às creches tem como objetivo garantir às crianças matriculadas o acesso à alimentação saudável, visando à promoção da saúde desse segmento. Nos países em desenvolvimento são estimadas 2,2 milhões de mortes por ano devido Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos (DTA), principalmente de crianças, por causa de ingestão de água ou alimentos contaminados. A maioria de doenças associadas com frutas e vegetais frescos são principalmente aquelas transmitidas pela via fecal-oral durante a manipulação de alimentos. A salmonelose é uma das DTA mais frequentes no mundo, sendo a Salmonella spp. amplamente distribuída na natureza, podendo quaisquer de seus sorotipos causar infecção alimentar. A Análise do Risco de contaminação dos alimentos permite detectar com maior exatidão onde é necessário agir, identificando qual etapa da produção que interfere na segurança do alimento. Dentro dela, a Avaliação do Risco pode realizada com o auxílio da ferramenta Risk Ranger . Face o exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal a aplicação da Análise de Risco como subsídio de avaliação das condições higiênicossanitárias, propondo implementação nas boas práticas da alimentação servida nas creches municipais do Rio de Janeiro. Das 249 creches que estão sob a responsabilidade de dez Coordenadorias Regionais de Educação (CRE) distintas no município do Rio de Janeiro, 38 delas tiveram seu perfil higiênicossanitário avaliado utilizando-se uma Lista de Verificação elaborada para esse propósito. Considerando a não-conformidade mais relevante, além das regulamentações e documentos existentes, foi definido um alimento e um patógeno para realização da Análise de Risco...The Nutrition Program for daycare centers aims to ensure that children enrolled access to healthy food in order to promote the health of this segment. In developing countries are estimated 2.2 million deaths per year due Foodborne Diseases (FD), especially children, due to ingestion of contaminated food or water. Most illnesses associated with fresh fruits and vegetables are mainly those transmitted via the fecal-oral route during food handling. Salmonellosis is one of the most frequent FD worldwide, and Salmonella spp. widely distributed in nature and may any of its serotypes cause food poisoning. The Risk Analysis of food contamination to detect with greater accuracy where action is needed, identifying which stage of production that interferes with food security. The Risk Assessment can accomplished with the aid of the tool Risk Ranger. Given the above, the present study aimed to the implementation of Risk Analysis as evaluation of the allowance hygienic conditions, proposing implementing best practices in the food served in daycare centers in Rio de Janeiro. From 249 daycare centers that are under the responsibility of ten Coordination Regional Education (CRE) in separate municipality of Rio de Janeiro, 38 of them had their hygienic profile assessed using a checklist developed for this purpose. Considering the most relevant non-compliance, in addition to the existing regulations and documents, was set a food and a pathogen for realization of Risk Analysis. The Risk Ranger software was used to supplement this analysis. The results were obtained with the application of the Checklist, which noted that the items Food Handlers and Food Production were those who had more non-conformities, with attention to the fact that fruits that are eaten raw are not sanitized properly before consumption. It was also recorded that almost all daycare centers do not have unique sinks for food handlers, and that half of them do not participate in regular training. For Risk Assessment, the raw fruits and Salmonella were combined to check for risk to children when there is ingestion of food contaminated with this bacteria. Through this evaluation, salmonellosis could be classified as high severity, it may be capable of causing death and prolonged hospitalization in the study population, which was corroborated by the risk classification obtained with application this software. With this study we could confirm the viability not only of the Checklist, as well as the Risk Ranger, as an instrument of great value and easy implementation, which can be used by the competent organizations to calculate the risk of consumption of any type of food for any population. Key-words: Children. Foodborne Diseases. Fruits. Salmonella. Risk Analysis. Risk Ranger