Interaction and communication in virtual environments of learning

Com a introdu????o de novas ferramentas de comunica????o na educa????o, a intera????o entre participantes do processo de aprendizado online tornou-se fundamental na concep????o de estrat??gias pedag??gicas, pois permite que os alunos aprendam de forma colaborativa. Este estudo ?? uma pesquisa descritiva que tem como objetivo identificar na literatura cient??fica os fatores que influenciam a intera????o dos participantes na comunica????o ass??ncrona. Na revis??o sistem??tica os documentos foram examinados por tipo de estudo, popula????o, hip??tese, achados e limita????es, considerando a efic??cia do aprendizado a partir das intera????es nos ambientes virtuais e o uso da comunica????o ass??ncrona nos cursos de p??s-gradua????o. Os achados dos estudos foram agrupados segundo as seguintes categorias: ambiente e comunica????o mediada por computador, tutoria, estrat??gias pedag??gicas dos tutores, habilidades cognitivas e metacognitivas e integra????o. Concluiu-se que o uso de tecnologias nos ambientes virtuais de aprendizado facilita a reflex??o e melhora a participa????o e a comunica????o dos alunos e que a comunica????o online ?? efetiva na constru????o do conhecimento dos alunos e no desenvolvimento do pensamento cr??ticoWith the introduction of new communication tools in education, the interaction between participants of an online learning process became central for teaching strategies design, as it allows students to learn collaboratively. This study is a descriptive research that aims to identify in scientific literature factors that influence the participants interaction in an asynchronous communication. In the systematic review documents were analysed by type of study, population, hypothesis, findings and limitations, considering the effectiveness of learning from the point of view of interactions in virtual environments and the use of asynchronous communication in graduate school. The sudies findings were grouped into the following categories: environmental and computer-mediated communication, tutors, tutors teaching strategies, cognitive and metacognitive and integration. Conclusion: the use of technology in virtual learning environments facilitate reflection and improves students??? participation. Besides the online communication is effective in construction of students' knowledge and development of their critical thinkin