Spatial analysis of traffic accidents with fatal victims: comparing place of residence and place of occurrence in Rio de Janeiro

Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar a distribui????o espacial dos ??bitos por acidentes de tr??nsito na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em 2003, a partir de tr??s tipos de endere??o: resid??ncia da v??tima; local de ocorr??ncia do acidente; e local de ocorr??ncia do ??bito, em n??vel de setor censit??rio. Utilizou-se o Estimador de Kernel para verificar se existe ou n??o diferen??a nos padr??es de ??reas de risco determinados a partir dos registros destes endere??os. Concluiu-se que h?? diferen??a nos padr??es espaciais, em todos os tipos de endere??o utilizados. Dessa forma, mostra-se como o mapeamento dos acidentes, identificando o local de ocorr??ncia deste, ?? essencial, pois fornece subs??dios ??s a????es de pol??ticas p??blicas para redu????o e preven????o dos acidentes. Para tanto, s??o necess??rias algumas medidas administrativas que permitam a sistematiza????o e o registro da informa????o adequada.The purpose of this study is to compare the spatial distribution of deaths by traffic accidents in the City of Rio de Janeiro in 2003, based on three different types of addresses: the victims??? residential addresses, address of accident, and that of death, by census track levels. The Kernel Estimation was utilized to estimate risk areas, in order to check for possible differences in the spatial patterns among different ways of classifying addresses. The results show that there are major differences in risk patterns according to address type. Especially, it shows that it is essential to know the place of the accident for clearly pointing out risk areas. This enables authorities to take informed actions in public policies aimed at reducing and preventing traffic accidents. Nonetheless, to enable such analyses in the future, administrative steps should be taken that will allow suitable information to be systematized and organized