AnÃlise molecular de bactÃrias orais em biofilme dental e placas aterosclerÃticas de pacientes com doenÃa vascular

Over the past few years, the involvement between oral pathogens and vascular disease has been investigated, with growing attention to the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis. Oral bacteria have been detected in atherosclerotic plaques at a variable frequency; however, the connection between oral health and vascular and oral bacterial profiles of these patients is not clearly established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of oral bacteria DNA in the mouth and atherosclerotic plaques, in addition to assess the patientâs caries and periodontal disease history. Thirty samples of supragingival and subgingival plaque, saliva and atherosclerotic plaques of 13 patients with carotid stenosis or aortic aneurysm were evaluated, through Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, for the presence/absence of Streptococcus mutans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola. For edentulous patients, the variables of supragingival and subgingival plaques were not considered. All patients were submitted to oral exams using the DMTF (decayed, missing and filled teeth) and PSR (Periodontal Screening and Recording) indexes for dental and periodontal evaluation, respectively, and histopathological analysis of the atherosclerotic plaques was performed. Most of the patients were edentulous (76.9%). Streptococcus mutans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola were detected in 100.0%, 92.0%, 15.3% and 30.7% of the oral samples, respectively. Streptococcus mutans was the most prevalent targeted bacteria in atherosclerotic plaques (p<0,05), detected in 100% of the samples, followed by Prevotella intermedia (7.1%), and the vascular samples were negative for Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0,05) between the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in the oral cavity and vascular samples. In conclusion, Streptococcus mutans was found at a high frequency in oral and vascular samples, even in edentulous patients, and its presence in atherosclerotic plaques suggests the possible involvement of this bacteria with the disease progression.Nos Ãltimos anos, a relaÃÃo entre patÃgenos orais e doenÃa vascular tem sido investigada, com crescente atenÃÃo para a etiopatogÃnese e progressÃo da aterosclerose. BactÃrias orais tÃm sido detectadas em placas aterosclerÃticas, com variÃvel frequÃncia, porÃm, a relaÃÃo entre saÃde bucal e perfis bacterianos vasculares e orais dos pacientes nÃo està claramente estabelecida. Foi objetivo deste estudo avaliar a presenÃa de DNA de bactÃrias orais na boca e placas aterosclerÃticas, alÃm de avaliar histÃrico de cÃrie e doenÃa periodontal dos pacientes. Trinta amostras de placa dental supragengival, subgengival, saliva, e placas aterosclerÃticas de 13 pacientes com estenose de carÃtida ou aneurisma de aorta foram avaliadas, atravÃs de ReaÃÃo em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real, para presenÃa/ausÃncia de Streptococcus mutans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis e Treponema denticola. Para pacientes desdentados totais, nÃo foram consideradas as variÃveis de placa supragengival e subgengival. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a exames de CPO-D (dentes permanentes cariados, perdidos e obturados) e PSR (registro periodontal simplificado) para avaliaÃÃo dentÃria e periodontal, respectivamente, bem como anÃlise histopatolÃgica das placas aterosclerÃticas. A maioria dos pacientes eram edÃntulos (76,9%). Streptococcus mutans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis e Treponema denticola foram detectados em 100,0%, 92,0%, 15,3% e 30,7% das amostras orais, respectivamente. O micro-organismo mais prevalente em placas aterosclerÃticas foi o Streptococcus mutans (p<0,05), presente em 100,0% das amostras, seguido de Prevotella intermedia (7,1%), e as amostras vasculares foram negativas para Porphyromonas gingivalis e Treponema denticola. Observou-se diferenÃa estatisticamente significante (p