Gallegos, gombadres and business: the lebanese immigrants in the square of the city of merchantability Fortaleza-Ce (1890 - 1930)

Este trabalho pretende analisar a constituiÃÃo de redes de sociabilidades entre imigrantes libaneses em Fortaleza nos Ãltimos anos do sÃculo XIX e inÃcio do XX; momento em que o crescimento comercial abria diversas oportunidades para investimentos e comerciantes adentravam importantes ramos mercantis, como tecidos, sapatarias, padarias, consignaÃÃes e/ou joalherias. Portanto, um contexto favorÃvel para os imigrantes (re)venderem mercadorias e abrirem suas prÃprias lojas. Com a noÃÃo de redes migratÃrias, a investigaÃÃo corre os laÃos associativos que permitiram aos libaneses deslocar-se atravÃs de contatos mantidos entre patrÃcios. Neste sentido, o comÃrcio ambulante parece ter sido a principal atividade inicial destes sujeitos, quando muitos se estabeleciam, conseguiam enriquecer e, muitas vezes, ajudavam os recÃm-chegados. Tal movimento ateve-se ainda as motivaÃÃes que permearam a escolha dos imigrados pelas ocupaÃÃes urbanas e pelo tipo de especializaÃÃo profissional: fazendas e miudezas. Neste intuito, procurei desenvolver questÃes sobre a organizaÃÃo social destes imigrantes na PraÃa mercantil de Fortaleza, ressaltando o papel das redes comerciais nas quais passaram a atuar e os meios pelos quais buscaram negociar suas posiÃÃes dentro da hierarquia comercial local.This research intend to analyze the constitution of sociability networks between Lebanese immigrants in the Fortaleza, state of Cearà in Brazil, in the last years of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth, when the growth of the commerce was opening a lot of possibilities for investments and a lot of traders were interesting in important sectors, for example: dresses, shoes and others jewel accessories. So, favorable contexts for the immigrants sell merchandises and get their own stores. The notion of migration networks helps us to study the associative binds where the Lebanese dislocated through of contacts sustained between patricians. In this way, the peddler was the principal activity of these fellows, when some of them enriched and helped fellow countryman/woman recently arrived. This movement was still linked the motivations about the choices of the Lebanese for the urban occupations and for the kind of professional specialization: cloths and sundries. Afterward, I also looked for to create some questions about social organization these immigrants in the commerce and how they negotiated their positions inside local hierarchy