Paternidade em fam??lias p??s-div??rcio cujo pai det??m a guarda unilateral dos filhos

O cen??rio familiar contempor??neo vem sofrendo transforma????es que propiciam ??s fam??lias constitu??rem-se de diferentes maneiras. Junto com esse contexto de transi????es, a paternidade tamb??m est?? em processo constante de transforma????o e vem agregando caracter??sticas que a situam cada vez mais distante dos modelos tradicionais. O ??ndice de fam??lias p??s-div??rcio chefiadas por um dos genitores aumentou consideravelmente nos ??ltimos anos, atingindo, segundo IBGE, um percentual de 21,8% em 2007. Deste total registrado em 2007, 9,8% s??o fam??lias p??s-div??rcio chefiadas pelo pai. O objetivo desta pesquisa, a partir disso, ?? compreender o exerc??cio da paternidade em fam??lias p??s-div??rcio, nas quais o pai det??m a guarda unilateral dos filhos. Sob o m??todo qualitativo, com base no estudo de casos, esta pesquisa teve como participantes tr??s pais e um dos filhos, com idade entre seis e 13 anos de idade, que estava sob a guarda dos pais por um per??odo m??nimo de seis meses . Como resultado, observou-se que os pais que conduzem essa configura????o familiar acumulam tarefas como atividades dom??sticas, cria????o e educa????o dos filhos e sustento financeiro do lar. Dois dos pais trabalham como profissionais liberais, podendo flexibilizar seus hor??rios e conciliar com as atividades dom??sticas e envolvimento com os filhos. O outro trabalha em empresa de transporte, mas estava em per??odo de licen??a, dispondo de tempo para cumprir suas tarefas. Os pais evidenciaram uma rela????o de companheirismo com os filhos, caracter??stica tamb??m demonstrada por estes. Aqueles entendem que sua presen??a na vida dos filhos, oferecendo-lhes amor, carinho, seguran??a e sustento s??o primordiais para o bom exerc??cio da paternidade e para a promo????o de um desenvolvimento saud??vel. O documento desta disserta????o est?? composto por tr??s se????es. A primeira ?? constitu??da pelo relat??rio da pesquisa, na qual os casos foram apresentados, analisados e discutidos. A segunda se????o consubstancia-se em um artigo te??rico cujo objetivo foi discutir a nomenclatura atribu??da, na literatura, para identificar as fam??lias p??s-div??rcio chefiadas por um dos genitores. Como ??ltima se????o, foi elaborado um artigo emp??rico, que apresenta um recorte dos dados da pesquisa realizada, a partir da an??lise de conte??do das entrevistas feitas com os pais.The contemporary family scenario is going through changes that lead families to set themselves in different ways. Along with this transition context, paternity is also in constant process of transformation, and it has been adding features that put it continually more distant from the traditional models. The rate of post-divorce famili es headed by one parent has increased considerably in recent years, reaching, according to IBGE, a percentage of 21.8% in 2007. Of this total registered in 2007, 9.8% are post-divorce families headed by a father. The objective of this research, from this scenario, is to understand the fatherhood exercise in post-divorce families, in which the father has the unilateral custody over the children. Under the qualitative method, based on case studies, this research had as participants three parents and one of the children, aged between six and thirteen years old, who was in the custody of the parents for a minimum period of six months. As a result, it was found that the parents who lead this family configuration accumulate tasks like household chores, children???s care and education, as well as the household financial support. Two of the parents work as autonomous professionals, being able to flex their schedules and reconcile them with domestic activities and the involvement with the children. The other parent works on a transportation company, but he was on an off-work period, having time to accomplish his tasks. Parents showed a companionship relationship with the children, a characteristic also shown by the kids. Those understand that their presence in their children???s lives, offering them love, affection, security and support is essential for the proper exercise of fatherhood and to promote a healthy development. This dissertation paper is composed of three sections. The first consists of the research report, in which the cases are presented, analyzed and discussed. The second section is a theoretical paper, whose purpose is to discuss the given literature terminology in order to identify the post-divorce families headed by one parent. As the last section, an empiric article was developed, that presents part of the survey data from the content analysis of the interviews carried out with parents