Composting for treatment of easily degradable portion of domestic waste rejected in the screening processes of inert

A crescente produ????o de res??duos s??lidos de origem dom??stica, frente ?? escassez de ??reas que possibilitem uma destina????o final t??cnica e ambientalmente adequadas torna imprescind??vel a busca de alternativas de tratamento ou gerenciamento desses res??duos de forma a minimizar a parcela a ser destinada para os Aterros Sanit??rios. Sendo os res??duos de origem org??nica predominantes na composi????o dos Res??duos S??lidos Dom??sticos nas cidades brasileiras essa pesquisa visa empregar o processo de compostagem para estabilizar a parcela facilmente degrad??vel dos res??duos rejeitados da Central de Triagem de res??duos s??lidos dom??sticos de S??o Leopoldo, RS. Nesse estudo foram montadas seis pilhas de compostagem compostas por uma mistura de res??duos s??lidos dom??sticos e res??duos de podas, sendo que em tr??s pilhas os res??duos s??lidos dom??sticos passaram por um processo de tritura????o pr??via. Os controles externos de temperatura e umidade foram realizados via aera????o mecanizada. Foram realizadas an??lises peri??dicas durante o processo de compostagem, e no composto final. A qualidade sanit??ria do composto foi avaliada pela elimina????o de pat??genos e pelo potencial de utiliza????o deste atrav??s de testes de germina????o. Tamb??m foi testada a potencialidade do uso do composto final puro e em propor????es de misturas com res??duos de p?? de m??rmore e rochas ornamentais como corretivo de acidez de solo. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que ao final do processo a mat??ria org??nica mostrou-se com caracter??sticas f??sicas de estabilizada. As pilhas onde os res??duos s??lidos dom??sticos n??o foram triturados apresentaram melhor desempenho em redu????o de volume, rentabilidade do processo e tempo de matura????o do composto. Quimicamente, todas as pilhas geraram produtos em conformidade com a legisla????o aplic??vel, por??m os resultados referentes a quantifica????o de coliformes termotolerantes ficaram acima do limite estabelecido. O potencial de uso dos fertilizantes como corretivos de acidez de solo ?? vi??vel a partir da mistura destes com pelo menos 50% de res??duos oriundos do corte de m??rmore e de rochas ornamentais. Os testes de germina????o confirmaram a boa matura????o e a aus??ncia da fitotoxicidade dos produtos avaliados.The increasing production of solid domestic waste and shortage of areas where you can make a disposal in an environmentally and technically correct form necessitates the search for alternative treatment or management of such wastes so as to minimize the portion being destined for landfills. In Brazilian cities, the waste of organic origin are predominate in the composition of Domestic Solid Waste, thus, this research aims to employ the composting processes to stabilize the biodegradable portion of waste rejected in waste sorting central located on landfill of S??o Leopoldo city, RS. In this research were made six compost piles with mixtures of domestic waste and green waste. In three piles domestic waste was previously triturated. The external control of temperature and humidity were made by mechanical aeration. Analyzes were conducted during the composting process and final compost. The sanitary quality of the compost was evaluated by the elimination of pathogens and their potential use by germination testing. In addition was tested potential of using the final compost in a pure form and proportions of mixtures with marble powder and ornamental rocks as corrective of soil acidity. At the end of the process, the physical characteristics of organic matter show that she was stabilized. The piles where domestic waste is not triturated performed better in volume reduction, process profitability and compost maturation time. In the chemical assay, all piles generated products in accordance with applicable legislation, but the results for the quantification of fecal coliform were above the limit. The use of the compounds as a corrective of soil acidity is possible from the mixture with at least 50% of marble powder and ornamental rocks. Germination tests confirmed the good maturity and the absence of phytotoxicity of product reviews