Characterization geoenvironmental of the watershed of the antas river using tools of geoprocessing

Este trabalho objetivou a caracterizaÃÃo geoambiental da bacia hidrogrÃfica do Rio das Antas, localizada no municÃpio de Cascavel PR, a qual possui uma Ãrea de 134,53 kmÂ, dividida entre Ãrea urbana (21%) e rural (79%). Na coleta, manipulaÃÃo e representaÃÃo dos dados referentes ao uso do solo, geomorfologia e preservaÃÃo dos corpos d Ãgua foram utilizados: cartografia digital, sistemas de informaÃÃes geogrÃficas (SIG) e imagens de satÃlite de alta resoluÃÃo espacial. As classes de uso do solo foram vetorizadas sobre a imagem de satÃlite que, na Ãrea rural foi capturada na internet e georreferenciada por meio de pontos de controle rastreados por GPS. Como resultados foram produzidos mapas temÃticos nos quais a quantificaÃÃo e a visualizaÃÃo das caracterÃsticas puderam ser analisadas. Em relaÃÃo à geomorfologia, a bacia apresentou 74,2% da Ãrea inserida nas classes I e II (topos convexos e encostas suaves). Considerando o uso do solo na parte urbana, 73,0%, da Ãrea està ocupada por classes relacionadas à urbanizaÃÃo. Na parte rural, a classe agricultura à predominante: 80,3%. Na verificaÃÃo da Ãrea de PreservaÃÃo Permanente - APP, a parcela rural possui somente 55,6% da Ãrea formada por mata ciliar, e no perÃmetro urbano o percentual à reduzido para 24,5%. A falta de consciÃncia ambiental à confirmada pela quantificaÃÃo da reserva legal, que possui somente 34,8% da respectiva Ãrea ocupada pelas classes de vegetaÃÃo. Com base nestes parÃmetros, foi possÃvel analisar o espaÃo fÃsico da bacia hidrogrÃfica, contribuindo para o processo de gestÃo dos recursos hÃdricos.The main goal of this paper it is to characterize the geoenvironmental of the hydrographic basin in Antas River, which is located in the city of Cascavel PR. The total area it is 134.53 kmÂ, divided in 21% of urban area and 79% of rural area. During the collection, manipulation and presentation of all the data related to the usage of soil, geomorphology and the conservation of the water s bodies had been used: cartographic and geographic information system (GIS) and images of satellite with high space resolution. All the way the soil was capture from the satellite image the rural area it was captured in the internet and georeferenced through control points traced by GPS. All the outcome was produced by thematic maps where was possible analyze the quantity and visualized the detail. Related to geomorphology, the basin showed 74.2% of the area insert in level I and II (convex top and soft slope). Considering the used of soil in the urban area 73.0%, is being occupied for related urbanization level in the rural area, the agriculture with 80.3%. The verification of APP (Area of Preservation Permanent) the rural area has only 55.6% of the area was formed for gallery forest, the urban perimeter percent was reduce 25.5%. The shortage ambient confirmed the quantities of the legal reserve that have only 34.8% of the area was occupied for vegetation. Using those perimeters it was possible to evaluate the physic space of the basin hydrographic, helping the process of hydrous assets