Effect of cafeteria diet in rats subjected to chronic variety stress: analysis of biochemical and behavioral parameters

Obesidade ?? definida pelo ac??mulo de gordura no corpo, causada por um estilo de vida sedent??rio e ingest??o de alimentos cal??ricos. As doen??as relacionadas com o sobrepeso s??o consideradas um dos problemas de sa??de p??blica mais grave em todo mundo, associada ao risco de diabetes e doen??as cardiovasculares e certos tipos de c??ncer. O estresse tamb??m tem sido mencionado como um problema da sociedade moderna que causa dist??rbios emocionais e fisiol??gicos. Nas ??ltimas d??cadas foi crescente o n??mero de doen??as relacionadas ao estresse, sobrepeso e obesidade, associadas ao aumento do consumo de alimentos energeticamente densos. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de uma DC associada ao estresse cr??nico variado (ECV) nos par??metros bioqu??micos, dep??sitos de gordura corporal e comportamentais. Foram utilizados 40 ratos machos Wistar divididos em quatro grupos: Controle total (C) ??? Ra????o padr??o sem modelo de estresse; Grupo estresse (E) ??? ra????o padr??o e estresse; grupo Dieta de cafeteria sem estresse (D) e Grupo Dieta + Estresse (ED). Os animais foram submetidos ao ECV durante 40 dias, em hor??rios e dias alternados. Os par??metros de ansiedade avaliados pelo teste Labirinto em cruz elevado (Plus Maze) mostraram que a dieta foi capaz de reverter ou amenizar os efeitos do estresse. A atividade locomotora, avaliada pelo teste Campo Aberto (Open Field) n??o foi alterada pela dieta, nem pelo estresse. A mem??ria avaliada pelo teste Reconhecimento de Objetos n??o foi alterada, nem pela dieta, nem pelo estresse. Os animais do grupo E obtiveram menor ganho de peso, e a dieta compensou o efeito do estresse em rela????o ao ganho de peso nos animais que receberam DC e ECV. Houve aumento do peso do f??gado e dos tecidos adiposos (subcut??neo e abdominal) dos animais que receberam a DC, por??m n??o submetidos ao ECV. Os n??veis s??ricos de glicose, triglicer??deos, colesterol total, HDL-Colesterol, lipase, foram mensurados, por??m n??o sofreram altera????es significativas.Obesity is defined as an accumulation of fat in the body, caused by a sedentary lifestyle and consumption of high-calorie foods. Diseases related to overweight are considered one of the most serious problems of public health worldwide, associated with risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. Stress has also been mentioned as a problem of modern society that causes emotional and physiological disorders. In the last decades has been the increasing number of stress-related, overweight and obesity, associated with increased consumption of energy- dense foods. The object of study to evaluate the effects of a cafeteria diet associated with chronic varied stress (CVS) in biochemical parameters, deposits of body fat and behavioral. Stress Group (S) - standard chow and stress; cafeteria diet group without stress (D) and diet + stress group (SD) standard model without stress control group rats (C): Fourt Wistar rats were divided into four groups used). The animals were submitted to the CVS for 40 days on alternate days and times. The parameters of anxiety assessed by Plus Maze showed that the diet was able to reverse or ameliorate the effects of stress. Locomotors activity, assessed by the Open Field Test was not altered by diet or by stress. The memory assessed by the Object Recognition Test has changed, neither by diet nor by stress. Animals in group E had lower weight gain, diet and offset the effect of stress in relation to weight gain in animals fed cafeteria diet and CVS. There was an increase in liver weight and adipose tissues (subcutaneous and abdominal) of animals that received the cafeteria diet, but not undergoing CVS. Serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL- Cholesterol, lipase, were measured, but not changed significant