Association among the occurrence of some reproductive diseases and reproductive performance and milk production in four Holstein dairy herds.

O desempenho reprodutivo ?? o maior fator limitante para que a produ????o de leite seja uma atividade economicamente eficiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associa????o entre a ocorr??ncia cl??nica de algumas enfermidades e o desempenho reprodutivo e produtivo de quatro rebanhos leiteiros da ra??a Holand??s, localizados nos munic??pios de Castro e Carambe?? (PR). Um estudo observacional foi realizado a partir da pesquisa de ??ndices de desempenho destes plant??is, entre mar??o a setembro de 2006, compreendendo partos ocorridos durante o per??odo de mar??o de 2004 a outubro de 2006. Indicadores de desempenho como os intervalos entre partos, parto-concep????o (IPC) e a produ????o di??ria de leite (PDL), foram avaliados para as quatro propriedades, em fun????o do n??mero de insemina????es artificiais (NOIA), n??mero de partos (NP), n??mero de ocorr??ncias cl??nicas (ND), ocorr??ncia de mastite, metrite e reten????o de membranas fetais. O IPC foi mais longo em vacas que apresentaram tr??s ou mais ocorr??ncias cl??nicas do que naquelas que n??o foram acometidas por doen??as e em fun????o do aumento no n??mero de IA (P < 0,001), mas foi 24,1 dias mais curto nas vacas acometidas por reten????o de membranas fetais do que nas vacas n??o acometidas (P = 0,0263). As vacas acometidas por mastite cl??nica, at?? os 60 dias p??s-parto, apresentaram IPC mais curto que aquelas com mastite ap??s os 60 dias p??s-parto (P < 0.001). A ocorr??ncia de mastite n??o foi influenciada pela ocorr??ncia tanto de metrite, quanto de reten????o de membranas fetais (P > 0,05). Por??m, a ocorr??ncia de reten????o de membranas fetais foi associada com a ocorr??ncia de metrite (P < 0,001). A PDL das vacas com tr??s ou mais ocorr??ncias cl??nicas foi superior (P < 0,001) ??s observadas para as vacas sem ocorr??ncias cl??nicas ou com apenas uma ocorr??ncia, mas as vacas que n??o apresentaram ocorr??ncias cl??nica apresentaram PDL inferior a todas as outras categorias (P < 0,001).Reproductive performance is a key factor for the economical success of dairy production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the occurrence of diseases and the reproductive performance and milk production in four Holstein dairy herds from Castro and Carambe?? (PR). An observational study was conducted through database research during the period between March and October 2006, including data corresponding to calvings occurred from March, 2004 to October, 2006. Performance parameters such as calving and calving-conception (CCI) intervals and the daily milk production (DMP) were evaluated as a function of herds, number of artificial inseminations (AI), number of calvings, number of clinical occurrences, and occurrence of mastitis, metritis and retention of fetal membranes. The CCI was longer for cows presenting three or more clinical occurrences than for those having no clinical occurrence and also with increased number of AI (P < 0.0001). Such interval was 24.1 days shorter for cows that presented retained fetal membranes than for those that did not present such condition (P = 0.0263). The CCI for cows presenting clinical mastitis up to 60 days post-partum was shorter than for those presenting mastitis after such period (P < 0.0001). The occurrence of clinical mastitis was influenced by neither the occurrence of metritis nor of retention of fetal membranes (P > 0.05). However, the occurrence of retention of fetal membranes was associated with metritis occurrence (P < 0.0001). The DMP observed for cows diagnosed with three or more clinical occurrences was higher (P < 0.0001) than for those with only one occurrence or no diagnosis, although the cows that were not diagnosed with any clinical occurrence presented the lowest DMP (P < 0.0001)