Evaluation of meteorological variables and Management on the Quality and Productivity of vines grown under family base in Pelotas

A fim de atingir o fortalecimento e o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar e a premissa da diversifica????o da matriz produtiva das unidades familiares, tem-se como alternativa o cultivo de videiras comuns destinadas ?? produ????o de vinhos coloniais, sucos e derivados. Buscou-se avaliar as rela????es existentes entre vari??veis meteorol??gicas locais e as pr??ticas de manejo, poda seca e poda verde, e seus efeitos no comportamento fenol??gico, nos aspectos produtivos e na qualidade da uva cultivada nas condi????es da regi??o de Pelotas/RS. Para tanto, foi selecionada uma propriedade agr??cola familiar localizada no 8?? Distrito de Pelotas/RS, na qual foi realizado o experimento, sendo o delineamento experimental composto por um fatorial (2 x 2 x 2), sendo estes: cultivar (Bord?? e BRS Violeta); ??poca de poda seca (normal e tardia); e poda verde (com e sem desfolha). Foram realizadas durante a colheita avalia????es de s??lidos sol??veis totais, da massa dos cachos, do n??mero de cachos e de bagas por cacho e da produ????o por planta. Ainda em cada tratamento foi medida a radia????o solar global, refletida pelo dossel e dispon??vel ao n??vel dos cachos e tamb??m a temperatura di??ria no vinhedo. Os resultados demonstram que a ??poca da poda seca exerceu influ??ncia sobre o comportamento fenol??gico, sobre a necessidade t??rmica e o n??mero de dias para completar o ciclo. Na cv. Bord?? a ??poca da poda seca afetou a produ????o e o ac??mulo de s??lidos sol??veis totais (SST) e na cv. BRS Violeta apenas o SST. Ao relacionar a ??poca da poda seca com a desfolha, sobre os s??lidos sol??veis totais, estes diferiram apenas no tratamento com desfolha, sendo maior na ??poca tardia. A desfolha realizada na cultivar Bord?? reduziu o n??mero de bagas por cacho, entretanto aumentou o peso de cachos e sem diferen??as para a BRS Violeta . A desfolha associada ?? ??poca normal aumentou a produ????o por planta e o n??mero de cachos na Bord?? e sem diferen??as para a cultivar BRS Violeta. O albedo m??dio para os tratamentos BNC, BTC, BTS, VNC, VTC e VTS foi respectivamente, 0,287, 0,280, 0,295, 0,297, 0,304 e 0,287. A cultivar BRS Violeta apresentou maior disponibilidade de radia????o solar ao n??vel dos cachos e maior teor de s??lidos sol??veis totais na colheita quando comparada a cultivar Bord??. A ??poca de poda seca n??o representou diferen??a na quantidade de radia????o solar dispon??vel ao n??vel dos cachos, j?? a realiza????o da desfolha propiciou aumento na radia????o que incide ao n??vel dos cachos para a cv. Bord??. A radia????o solar dispon??vel ao n??vel dos cachos mostrou-se relacionada ao ac??mulo de s??lidos sol??veis totais, sendo maior este ac??mulo quando a radia????o dispon??vel foi maior na cultivar Bord??.In order to reach the strengthening and the development of family agriculture as well as the premise of diversification of the productive sources, there appears as an alternative the cultivation of common vineyards destined to the production of home-grown wine, juices and derivatives. Attempts were made to evaluate the existing relationships among local meteorological variables and handling practices, dry pruning and green pruning and the effects on phenological behavior, productive aspects and on the quality of the cultivated grape under the conditions of the region of Pelotas/RS. For this purpose, a family based agricultural property was selected located in the 8TH district of Pelotas/RS, in which the experiment was carried out and where the experimental delineation was composed for a (2 x 2 x 2) factorial, these being: (Bord?? and BRS Violeta) cultivar, period of dry pruning (normal and late) and green pruning (with and without defoliation). Evaluations were carried out during harvest of total soluble solids, of the mass of clusters, of the number of clusters of grapes per cluster and production per plant. Moreover, global solar radiation was measured in each treatment, reflected by the canopy and available at the level of clusters as well as the daily temperature of the vineyards, Results demonstrate that the period of dry pruning affected the production and the accumulation of total soluble solids and on cv. BRS Violeta, only the total soluble solids. When relating the period of dry pruning with defoliation over total soluble solids, these differed only in the treatment with defoliation, being greater in the late period. Defoliation carried out on cv. Bord?? reduced the number of grapes per cluster. However, it increased weight of the clusters and presented no differences for the BRS Violeta . Defoliation associated with the normal period increased the production per plant and the number of clusters on Bord?? and presented no differences on the cv. BRS Violeta. The results demonstration that the average albedo presented short variation 0,287, 0,280, 0,295, 0,297, 0,304 e 0,287 for the respectively treatments BNC, BTC, BTS, VNC, VTC and VTS, being B e V refer of the cultivars Bord?? and BRS Violeta, N and T of the dry pruning and C and S with and without. The cv. BRS Violeta presented greater availability of solar radiation at the level of clusters and higher rate of total soluble solids during harvest when compared with cv. Bord??. The period of dry pruning did not represent difference in the quantity of solar radiation available at the level of clusters but the defoliation propitiated increase in incident radiation a the level of clusters for cv. Bord?? and BRS Violeta. Solar radiation available at the level of clusters showed itself related to the accumulation of total soluble solids, being greater when the available radiation was greater on cv. Bord??