Does rootstock cloning affect the initial field performance of peach trees?

O uso de miniestacas em sistema semi-hidrop??nico para a produ????o de mudas de pessegueiro, possibilita a utiliza????o de mudas clonadas em um menor espa??o de tempo. No intuito de validar esse sistema como alternativa ao convencional, realizado por meio da produ????o do portaenxerto por semente e enxertia da cultivar copa na primavera, avaliou-se a campo, o comportamento de plantas da cv. Maciel propagadas de diferentes formas, divididos nesse trabalho em tr??s cap??tulos. O primeiro teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento de mudas de pessegueiros onde o portaenxerto e a cultivar copa foram clonados, comparados a portaenxertos oriundos de semente. No segundo cap??tulo verificou-se se h?? influ??ncia da cultivar portaenxerto clonada. J?? o terceiro, tratou do estudo da melhor ??poca de realiza????o da borbulhia em portaenxertos oriundos de estaquia. Nos tr??s experimentos testou-se a campo o comportamento das plantas em rela????o as caracter??sticas vegetativas, produtivas e f??sico-qu??micas dos frutos. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, plantas autoenraizadas apresentaram maior crescimento vegetativo e produ????o por planta, tornando essa t??cnica uma alternativa vi??vel na produ????o de mudas de pessegueiro cv. Maciel. Al??m disso, constatou-se que a utiliza????o de diferentes portaenxertos n??o alterou as caracter??sticas produtivas e f??sico-qu??micas dos frutos e ainda, que mudas enxertadas por gema ativa, obtiveram maior di??metro m??dio de tronco e de pernadas, maiores produtividade e qualidade f??sico-qu??mica dos frutos, comparada ??s de gema dormente.The use of minicuttings in a semi-hydroponic system for the production of seedlings of peach enables the achievement of cloned seedlings in a shorter period of time. In order to validate this system as an alternative to the conventional system, which is performed through the production of the rootstock from seed propagation and grafting the scion in the spring, it was tested the behavior in the field of peach cv. Maciel propagated in different ways, which are presented in the three chapters of this document. The objective of the first chapter was to evaluate the behavior of peach seedlings where the rootstock and scion were cloned as compared to rootstocks derived from seed. In the second chapter it was tested the influence of the cloned rootstock cultivar. The third chapter dealt with a study about the best time for performing bud grafting on the rootstocks obtained from cuttings. In the three experiments it was tested the field performance of the plants regarding vegetative and productive traits, as well as fruit quality. According to the obtained results, self-rooted plants showed greater vegetative growth and production per plant, making this technique a feasible alternative for seedling production of peach cv. Maciel. Furthermore, it was found that the use of different rootstocks did not affect the production as well as physicochemical characteristics of fruits. Additionally, seedlings obtained from vegetative bud grafting had greater average trunk and scaffold diameter, higher productivity and better physicochemical fruit quality when compared to dormant bud grafting