Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física

p. 1-7Arthur Holly Compton's persona is usually conceived as one of the founder fathers of the quantum mechanics due to his quantum formulation to explain the process of interaction between the high-frequency radiation and matter. Nevertheless, the Compton's history revealed a character that disagrees of the physicist's image interested in the development of the quantum mechanics. In fact, his interest and motivation, from 1916 to 1922, were associated with the use of classical physics to deal with X and γ rays. The discovery of the Compton Effect was the result obtained by a classical physicist who was loath in accepting the quantum of radiation. Our objective is therefore emphasizing the image of a classical physicist who was inserted in a research program well definite, X and γ rays physics, from which he contributed both to the development of this research area and to the construction of the quantum mechanics. We will present the model of the large electron used by Compton to explain the X and γ radiation scattering processes