Possibilities prevention of orthopedic disorders legs at preschool children

This bachelor thesis is focused on an orthopedic foot defects by preschoolers and their prevention. The foot is an important executive organ, which fulfill many functions. The main functions of the foot are standing and moving. Equally important function of the foot is the ability to feel the information about the terrain on which one we are moving. Through receptors located in the foot flows this information constantly into the central nervous system, where are they evaluate together with information from the whole body. On the ground of this information is happening a large number of subsequent complex processes - e.g. correction of the center of gravity, control of the position and of the body movement. Nowadays many children wear inappropriate footwear and they don´t have enough proprioceptive stimuli. As a consequence of this, the foot stops being functional and it can lead to the inception of various orthopedic disorders. Incorrect foot positioning will be reflected in the position of the entire body, since as the foot works across the whole attention to the prevention right in this period of life, as long as the pathological stereotypes are not fixed jet. In the theoretical part have I describes the basic information, that leads to the understanding of the issue. Here is described the anatomy of the foot, her development and function. Further the work is aimed at acquired orthopedic foot defects, at the possibility of prevention and at the foot examination. The last chapter is focused on the development of preschooler. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to inform what kind of orthopedic defects children can have. This bachelor thesis also maps out which are the most common defects and suggest preventive arrangements that protect the children against the development of the orthopedic foot defects. In the practical part was the qualitative research executed. In the research were the foot imprints of the preschoolers taken and then were three case studies before and after the therapy evaluated. To collected the data I used an interview to obtain medical history, method of observation and input and output kinesiology analysis. The therapy lasted for ten weeks and was prepared on the basis of sensomotoric stimulation with the elements of the game so that the children manage to keep attention. The results of this bachelor work shows that at all three probands during the exercises the condition of the foots had improved and also the stability of the whole body had improved. This bachelor work could be beneficial to current and future physiotherapists who are interested in this problematic. Furthermore, this work can function as a base for further and more detailed processing of this topic. It could be also applied in the development of education - kinetic methods in kindergartens. Even the parents, that want to prevent the origin of orthopedic disorders at their kids foots, could use this work as an inspiration