Analýza genetické variability jírovce maďalu pomocí DNA markerů

Some species of the genus Aesculus are every year heavily infested by horse chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella), whose larvae are mining the leaves, and under appropriate conditions may damage up to 100% of the leaf area. The effect of lower defense capability of infested trees lead to invasion of fungal (Erysiphe flexuosa, Guignardia aesculi) and bacterial (Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi) pathogens, and later to higher mortality of infected individuals. In this study were measured the genetic diversity of species A.hippocastanum, A. turbinata, A. glabra, A. parviflora, A. glabra var. arguta, A. x carnea, A. marilandica, A. pavia, and their genotypes with different susceptibility to the leaf miner. Analysis of 8 microsatellite loci, using the SB buffer for separation, showed high polymorfic information content 0.45 -- 0.77 (0,60 in average) and high genetic diversity. For each loci was found average 5.5 aleles. During two vegetation period, leaf area damage of these genotypes was evaluated in statistical software Assess 2.0. Different pressure of leaf miner and different development at each locality was recorded, and even in some cases lower damage was found, in one case it occured permanently. According to the data obtained, the pathological scale was established and the dendogram of similarity was created. Three groups of resistant, non -- resistant and immune individuals were distinguished and five main section of Aesculus was found. By cloning and analysing the inner transcribed spacers, ITS1 and ITS2, inner and inter species variability was examined. For the sequence of hybrid species A. x carnea no compliance was found in NBCI, therefore first sequence of this genotype was obtained