This diploma thesis is dealing with an issue of machine vision in the field of traffic signs recognition. The first part is devoted to machine vision in general traffic situations. Together with traffic applications there is paid attention to a possible autonomous vehicle and applications for the traffic signs recognition. The main part of this work is devoted to a description and an implementation of several methods for colour and pattern localisation of traffic signs in the scene and to identification algorithms. Apart from the implementation itself, these algorithms are submitted to several experiments for a valorisation of their success. The thesis also includes a gallery of images with traffic signs including a file with descriptive an...