The A0 blood group genotype modifies the jejunal glycomic binding pattern profile of piglets early associated with a simple or complex microbiota

The intestinal epithelium glycocalyx sugar motif is an important determinant of the bacterial-host interaction and may be affected in pigs by gut microbiota and by blood group genotype. The aim was to study the effect of intestinal association with different microbiota and A0 blood group genotypes on the expressed glycomic pattern in the small intestine. Twelve caesarean-derived pigs previously associated with a simple association (SA) or complex association (CA) microbiota were selected at 26 to 37 d of age. In each subject, different jejunal loops were perfused for 8 h with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC), ETEC fimbriae (F4), Lactobacillus amylovorus (LAM), or a saline control. The piglets were genotyped for A0 blood group and the glycomic profile was evaluated by microscopic screening of lectin binding: peanut agglutinin (PNA), which is galactose specific; Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA), which is fucose specific; Maackia amurensis lectin II (MALii), which is sialic acid specific; concavalin A, which is mannose specific; soybean agglutinin (SBA), which is N-acetyl-galactosamine specific; and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), which is N-acetyl-glucosamine specific. A0 pigs had fewer UEA-positive cells, MALii-positive cells (P <0.001), and SBA-positive cells (P <0.10) than 00 pigs. Simple association pigs had more SBA positive cells (P <0.01) than CA pigs. Enterotoxigenic E. coli K88-perfused intestinal loops had fewer UEA-positive cells (P <0.01) and WGA positive cells (P <0.001) cells and more PNA positive cells (only in SA pigs, P <0.01). No effects of introduction of F4 and LAM in the intestinal lumen were observed. The porcine A0 blood group genotype and the luminal presence of ETEC strongly affected the jejunal mucosa glycomic pattern profile whereas an early oral simple or complex microbial association had limited effects. Pig genetic background has relevance on the cross talk between intestinal epithelium glycocalyx sugar motif and ETEC and, ultimately, on the gut microbial colonization in later life.