All-optical synchronization of self-pulsating laser diodes with frequency multiplication and division

We investigate optical synchronization with frequency multiplication and division of self-pulsating laser diodes. Using a simple rate equation model to describe self-pulsation we show that synchronization with frequency multiplication can be accompanied by large variations in the period of the emitted laser pulses over the injected pulse cycle. These variations are not obvious in the frequency domain treatment of synchronization. By applying a frequency division synchronizing signal to our model, we also show that the sensitivity of the phase difference between the injected signal and laser emission to power increases with increasing frequency division ratio and leads to the presence of power synchronization ranges