A 4-to-1 240 Gb/s PAM-4 MUX with a 7-tap mixed-signal FFE in 55nm BiCMOS

Next generation high-speed wireline and optical communications will target single lane data rates over 200Gb/s. For this, the generation and transmission of >100 Gbaud PAM-4 is a key step. Recent transmitters in advanced CMOS and FinFET nodes [1,2] provide extensive transmit-side FFE capabilities at respectively 64 and 56Gbaud. Speed limitations in these technologies will make the transition to >100 Gbaud a challenge. Alternatively, InP-based multiplexers like [3] manage to reach >100 Gbaud easily. They also offer the possibility to create high-swing output drivers, necessary to efficiently drive optical modulators. However, InP solutions lack the ability to introduce more complex equalization of the signal. BiCMOS based transmitters like in [4], enable the integration of more complex circuits with respect to InP technologies, are capable to deliver high signal swings required for optical drivers and promise increased bandwidth compared to CMOS/FinFET. This paper presents a 120Gbaud PAM-4 TX incorporating a 7-tap FFE in a 55nm BiCMOS technology. The advantage of the presented FFE architecture is the efficient use of both digital and analog delay structures to obtain >100 Gbaud operation with a large amount of filter taps in a compact configuration