Applications of enzyme-containing reverse micelles

This paper is a research report on aspects which are more related to biotechnological application of reverse micelles and water in oil microemulsions.In particular we will consider: (1) the application of enzymes in reverse micelles as catalysts for reactions of water insoluble compounds In this case reverse micelles can be viewed as microreactors. whose dimensions can be easily changed and with a milieu whose physical properties can be continuously modulated and possibly tailored to the characteristics of the reaction taking place in the water pool. (2) the solubilization of larger particles in water in oil microemulsion, like mitochondria and bacteria, and their possible biotechnological application. (3) the use of reverse micelles to extract and separate proteins. A good specificity of the separation process can be achieved, based on electrostatic effects (pH. pi), even for proteins having quite similar size; (4) the transformation of reverse micellar solutions into "organogels" These novel materials are characterized by a very high viscosity and a significant molecular mobility of the main components (organic solvent, surfactant) Due to the presence of water droplets (or water channels) in the gel. a compartmentalization of hydrophilic biomolecules (also enzymes and/or bacteria) is possibi equivalent to the preparation of bioreactors containing immobilized cells or enzymes, which are better compatible with organic solvent