On sequencing policies for unit-load automated storage and retrieval systems

Automated Storage and Retrieval System (AS/RS) performance highly depends on the characteristics of the mechanical equipment. However, once the system has been physically implemented, achieving its maximum efficiency depends on the way the system is operated. This paper shows that request sequencing (i.e. planning the order in which storage and retrieval requests are performed) is of paramount importance in AS/RS performance. This paper reviews and adapts the most popular storage and sequencing policies to dynamic contexts, and then it proposes a ‘sequencing mathematical model’ (SMM) to simultaneously solve the sequencing and storage location problems. Extensive computational results based on a thorough simulation experiment plan confirm that performing the requests in the right sequence can have a positive impact on AS/RS performance. Our results show that the proposed SMM regularly outperforms other methods. When used in a dynamic context, the proposed SMM may yield up to a 25% reduction in average travel-time compared to the situation where a no-sequencing method is applied