THE LANGUAGE NEED IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE LANGUAGE PERSONALITY: SOCIAL-PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

Purpose. The article analyses the language need as an element of the structure of the language personality. The essence of the language personality is understood as the unity of the socio-ontological base (linguistic community with the existing system of symbolic codes (language) and a set of means of social communication), universal speech-thinking mechanisms and individual linguistic consciousness. The aim of the work is to consider the language need, which is not limited to its communicative aspect. Methodology. While the article was being written such approaches were used as: interdisciplinary approach, activity approach; axiological approach. Results. The need for language is considered in the following aspects: language as a tool of self-identification and as a source of positive experience. The need for language as a way of constructing identity (social, ethnic, national-cultural) is most clearly realized in the conditions of social competition, aggravation of social contradictions. The objective conditions set the range of scenarios of verbal behavior from the point of view of its value for the individual. The need for language as a source of positive experience reflects the close relationship of speech-thinking processes with the emotional and sensual sphere of the human personality. Individual specificity for this need’s satisfaction is caused by social demand for ways of self-expression of the language personality. Practical implications. Consideration of the language need as the complex of needs provides a deeper insight into the structure of language personality, first of all, its motivational value sphere. This approach makes it possible to identify some mechanisms of formation of language preferences of the individual, scenarios of speech behavior, social factors which determine this personal choice