DOIAbstract
The four major approximation schemes devised to study the modification of jets in dense matter are outlined. The comparisons are restricted to basic assumptions and approximations made in each case and the calculation methodology used. Emergent underlying similarities between apparently disparate methods brought about by the approximation schemes are exposed. Parameterizations of the medium in each scheme are discussed in terms of the transport coefficient $\hat{q}$. Discrepancies between the estimates obtained from the four schemes are discussed. Recent developments in the basic theory and phenomenology of energy loss are highlighted
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