Sosnowsky’s Hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.) in the Transcarpathia: ecology, distribution and the impact on environment

The character and dynamics of distribution of Sosnowsky’s Hogweed (Heracleum sos­nowskyi Manden.) in the Transcarpathia (Ukraine) were estimated. The species populations penetrated into 20% of total number of mapping squares of studied area. The dynamics tendency can be divided into two invasion stages – initial (1973–1999) and exponential (2000 – till today). The distribution analysis according to floristic divisions and plant belts is presented. The ecological and elevation preferences of the species were characterized. Most frequently H. sosnowskyi occurs within limits of 150–399 м a.s.l. in belts of lowland and lower mountain oak forests. The Transcarpathian Lowland floristic region is the most invaded area, while Gorgany and Chornogora are the at least invaded. The impact of Sosnowsky’s Hogweed on the environment was assessed. The species belongs to a group of invasive species with high impact on the environment, and high distribution potential. It is very hard to control, and the control needs high resources and efforts. The management methods to suppress the invasion of the species are discussed