THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

The article considers the problem of formation of the system of technical education and scientific and technical institutions in the second half of Х1Х - beginning of XX centuries, identified the factors contributing to the specificity and efficiency of this process: the involvement of the scientific community to the definition of the main directions of development of scientific and technical sphere, the development of a General strategy of modernization of the country; the joint efforts of government, scientists and entrepreneurs with the purpose of formation and development of one of the world's best systems engineering education, creating a network of scientific societies and scientific schools of world level, the active promotion of scientific and technical achievements, allowing to involve a significant part of society in modernization processes