Stability of the Magnetic Monopole Condensate in three- and four-colour QCD

I demonstrate, to one-loop order, that the ground state of three- and four-colour QCD contains a monopole condensate, necessary for the dual Meissner effect to be the mechanism of confinement. I establish the condensate's stability by showing that it gives the off-diagonal gluons an effective mass sufficient to remove the unstable ground state mode