Review of in-vivo characterisation of corneal biomechanics

The study of corneal biomechanics in vivo has been evolving fast in recent years. While an organised corneal structure is necessary for its transparency, resistance to occasional external insults and bearing the intraocular pressure (IOP), which several clinically relevant events can disturb. This review focuses on three techniques that are available for clinical use, namely the Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Buffalo, NY, USA), the Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) and the Brillouin Optical Scattering System (Intelon Optics Inc., Lexington, MA, USA). The principles and the main parameters of each device are discussed along with their strategies to improve accuracy in the IOP measurement, corneal ectasia diagnosis, evaluation of corneal cross-linking procedures, and planning of corneal refractive surgeries