The floods that hit Czechia in the past decade posed a considerable threat to the life and property of the country’s inhabitants and brought huge losses reaching dozens of billions of Czech crowns (Hladny 2003; Langhammer 2007). Various factors were named in evaluation of the causes of these exceptional floods, besides others, changes in land-use. The aim of the article is to assess the nature of long-term changes in intensity, nature and spatial structure of land-use in Czechia with respect to their significance for the runoff process, and especially during the occurrence and progress of floods. The article makes use of LUCC UK Prague database (Bičik et al. 1996, 2003), an extensive geodatabase designed to evaluate spatial land-use develop...