Violence Man Hunting? On Cyber Privacy and Its Violation

[[abstract]]教育部推動現代公民核心能力計畫，揭示民主、科學、倫理、媒體、美學素養為主要的現 代公民核心能力。筆者曾執行「科技民主與法治社會」、「法治社會與公民素養」等課群計畫， 並開設「科技法與科技倫理」、「網際網路與法律」等課程，從學生的提問與課堂學習歷程，可 以發現學生雖然重視網路隱私權，但實際生活中卻常常自我暴露隱私與個人資料，甚至因為好 奇或網友煽動從事人肉搜索，將他人資料放置網路，公開傳輸散布，侵害他人名譽卻不自知， 甚至衍生出傷害或騷擾他人的網路霸凌（Cyberbullying）行為。這些網友群體對特定對象所為 之揶揄戲謔、刻薄酸語、影射詆毀等具有傷害或騷擾的評論，加上排山倒海而來的刻薄言語， 對當事人往往造成相當大的心理壓力，嚴重影響當事人的人際關係與正常生活。但要如何管制 網路言論，防範網路霸凌行為，又要避免寒蟬效應，這便是思考網路霸凌是否應該制訂專法或 利用其他自律機制之爭議所在。 本文旨在探討人肉搜索侵害隱私的違權思考。首先探討人肉搜索的意義，評析其侵害資 訊隱私與個人資料的形態，同時就人肉搜索所衍生網路霸凌的暴力型態，從網友自律提出的 「人肉搜索公約」作出一些法制回應，包括業者監管、網路實名制、制訂反網路霸凌專法等， 檢討並評析各方論點。最後提出本文呼籲，網路不是無道德或無法治的空間，它仍然處於現實 社會，人肉搜索不足懼，而是我們自己要提高網路倫理的素養，對於自己的資訊隱私、個人資 料妥適使用，不要讓自己成了八卦、流言蜚語、被窺探的始作俑者！ The cultivation of democracy, science, ethics, media and aesthetics has been remarkably promoted through the projects of modern citizen’s core abilities offer by the MOE. I used to implement projects on disciplines such as ‘Technological Democracy and Society of Law and Order’ and ‘Law and Order and Citizen Disposition’, and I also gave courses such as ‘Technological Law and Ethics’ and ‘The Internet and the Law’. I found from the students’ queries and their e-portfolio that, although they respect privacy, they tend to expose their own privacy and personal information on the Internet, and, out of curiosity or stirred up by their peers from the Internet, they even go further to go cyber man hunting and spread other people’s personal information on the Internet so much as to damage other people’s reputation without knowing it, hence come to harming or harassing others in cyber bullying behaviors. Using harmful and harassing remarks, they ridicule, humiliate and insinuate other people, along with numerous cynical words to attack people and distort their normal social relations. But how we may manage speeches on the Internet and prevent people from cyberbullying, and in the meanwhile, without threatening the freedom of speech, have been the disputing point: Whether there should be a law governing cyberbullying or we may adopt other self-disciplinary mechanism to solve the problem. My study aims to look into the violation of privacy on the behavior of cyber man hunting. Firs of all, the meaning of manhunt should be explored and an analysis of the violation of privacy and/or the abuse of personal information should be made. Meanwhile, the patterns of the violence derived from the behaviors of cyberbullying should also be studied. Furthermore, a legal response to the ‘covenant on cyber manhunt’ as raised by Internet users, probably out of their self-disciplinary considerations, is to be made as well, including the supervision of the dotcoms, the adoption of cyber user’s real-name system, and whether a special law should be made to govern cyberbullying. My study also wants to make clear that the Internet is not a space without morality or without law. It always roots itself in the real society. There is nothing to worry about cyber manhunt as long as we are more aware of cyber ethics. What we should do is to use our privacy and personal information properly to prevent ourselves from being victims of cyber gossips and voyeurism