Study of the Islands Residents’ Attitudes on the Tourism Development

[[abstract]]本研究主要目的在探討小琉球觀光發展、觀光資源及居民對觀光發展態度，期能瞭解觀光發展對居民產生的衝擊。本研究以半結構式深度訪談法進行資料收集分析，以屏東縣小琉球地區居民為對象，採立意與滾雪球兩種抽樣方法，訪談11位當地居民。研究結果顯示居民認為觀光發展造成的經濟衝擊包含創造工作機會、增加居民收入、地方經濟變好、土地及建材物價上漲、同業競爭等；社會文化衝擊包括提高知名度、促進文化交流、縮小族群間的社經差異、資訊流通、增廣見聞、生活受到干擾、社會結構改變、社會關係漸趨功利與冷淡、傳統建築歷史古蹟消失等；環境衝擊則包括公共設施獲得改善、自然資源受到重視與保護、生態保育觀念提升、部份生態環境遭受破壞、地景景觀產生變化、環境污染增多、交通壅塞等。對未來觀光發展的期待，居民大多希望能夠限制民宿與遊客人數，並持續推展使用電動機車，改善因觀光發展帶來的空氣污染及噪音，也希望交通船能夠保留固定座位給當地居民，降低因觀光人潮產生的交通不便；並對遊客進行生態保育的宣導，讓小琉球海洋環境能夠永續經營。 The purpose of this study was to examine tourism development, tourism resources and the residents' attitudes on the tourism development in Hsiao Liu Chiu, and hope to understand the impact on the lives, behavior, and economy of the residents. The method of survey used Semi structured interview with 11 residents to collect first-hand data. And both purposive and snowball sampling methods were conducted. Results show the residents’ thinking that 1. On the one hand, the economic impact of tourism development including jobs opportunity, income increasing, local economy better than ever, but on the other hand, the price of land and building material increasing, business competition etc.; 2. There was several facts in the social and cultural impact, which including high visibility, promotion of cultural exchange, reduction of socioeconomic gap within the inter-population, information flows, expansion of their knowledge, disturbed life, change of social structures, social relations becoming more and more utilitarian and indifferent, and traditional architectural and historic sites disappeared; 3. Environmental impact including the improvement of public facilities, attention and protection of natural resources, promotion of ecological conservation concepts, but on the other hand the destruction of overused environment, landscape changed and increaseing of pollution, and traffic congestion.The expectations of tourism development in the future, residents would like able to build the carrying capacity of B & Bs and visitors, and continue to promote the development of electric motorcycle rent, improve the environment, which filled with air pollution and noisy, meanwhile, also hope that the traffic boat between the island and Taiwan retain a few fixed seats for the local residents, which could compensate for the traffic inconvenience caused by tourist crowds; Finally, continuously conducting advocacy and education of conservation to the visitors for the sustainable development of marine environment in Hsiao Liu Chiu