The Concept of Peace and Terrorism in Islam

[[abstract]]今日穆斯林世界正處於緊要關鍵，因其受到前所未有的暴力破壞及恐怖主義的威脅。然而，西方反伊斯蘭者為了私利而操弄局勢，他們貶低伊斯蘭的價值，公開指責伊斯蘭為恐怖主義的宗教。此為令人遺憾，因為這種指責正反映出他們對伊斯蘭教義的全然無知。另一方面，伊斯蘭本質乃為人道主義與仁心善行。伊斯蘭以明確與絕對的律法禁止非法地謀殺任何人。此外，伊斯蘭在日常生活各方面皆奉至高無上的價值、情感、互助、正義、中庸為圭臬。 本論文審慎地論述伊斯蘭的價值觀與教義，特別是伊斯蘭與和平的觀念。恐怖主義和伊斯蘭是互不相容的。事實上，將伊斯蘭置於恐怖主義的脈絡下加以理解只會造成對伊斯蘭的徹底誤解。本論文以伊斯蘭教義的兩個最重要根源：古蘭經與先知（願主福安之）的聖訓為基礎，汲取有力證據，證明伊斯蘭是和平的擁護者。 除了瞭解現今伊斯蘭極端主義、暴力、恐怖主義是如何幫助蓋達組織及為恐怖行動鋪路，如何為那些以真主之名而任意殺戮的事件辯護、宣傳，本論文也試圖追溯並分析他們的思想體系之根源。吉哈德 (Jihad) 或為伊斯蘭而奮鬥，乃是極為重要之教義。然而，(吉哈德) 絕不可被解釋為恐怖主義。本論文詳盡地分析(吉哈德)和恐怖主義這兩個對立的概念，突顯出(吉哈德)的價值，也譴責恐怖主義的邪惡。 由於過去的研究較多著重在探討產品設計及製造上達到環保法規標準的成效並非針對綠色產品在3R(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle)成效的影響，且較少從消費者回饋來探討綠色產品的成效，以致於無法了解產品在市場上成效不好的原因，進而也無法改善。 本研究欲探討消費者在購買與使用產品時對3R的影響，從消費者的回饋建構MIR模型，透過集群分析，將消費者分為三類，針對各群體之消費者在選購MP3播放器時的考量因素，利用層級分析法，分析他們的考量因素對3R的影響使否有不同的影響。從研究結果發現，以MP3播放器為例，從消費者選購角度來觀察，最容易快速達到的是3R中的”減量”，”重複使用”次之，目前最欠缺的是”資源回收”的部份。[[abstract]]Muslim world is going through critical junctions and has witnessed unprecedented waves of violence, sabotage and terrorism. As a consequence, it has attracted world attention on the need to grapple the problem of terrorism. Anti-Islamic activities, however, have manipulated the situation. They have given derogatory projection to the magnanimity of Islam. Resulting of some prejudices, they have accused Islam of being a religion of terrorism. This is indeed unfortunate and tragic, as the accusation reflects sheer ignorance of Westerners towards Islamic teachings. It is also tantamount to the refutation of Islamic tenets. Islam has been the pioneer of humanism and benevolence. An illegitimate murder of any human soul is forbidden in unequivocal and categorical terms. In addition, Islam has also enshrined superb and supreme values, affection, cooperation, justice and moderation in the daily life of Muslims. This thesis thus represents a modest endeavor to project Islamic values and teachings. In particular, it demonstrates that Islam is identifiable with peace. Terrorism is a concept alien to Islam, and understanding Islam in terroristic context is in fact, an absolute misunderstanding of Islam. This thesis also incorporates impelling evidences based on the most important two sources of Islamic teachings, the Glorious Quran and Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him). Islam is also the champion of peace. It advocates no terrorism in any form or manifestation. To provide illuminations to the multifarious ideas expressed in this thesis, necessary information is provided with scholastic skills. Brevity and comprehensiveness are blended in Islamic ethics. Apart from that, the thesis also attempts to trace and analyze the ideological roots of Islamic extremism, violence and terrorism at this time; giving the reader the chance to understand how those roots help al-Qa’ida and other terrorist groups prepare and sell a narrative that justifies indiscriminate killing in the name of God. Jihad, or waging war, for the sake of Allah and to raise the banner of Islam is a doctrine of crucial importance. In no event, however, it is explicable in terms of terrorism. The thesis has made detailed analysis on the variance of the two concepts, Jihad and terrorism. It has highlighted the true teaching of Jihad. Likewise, it has also castigated the viciousness of terrorism. As a result, this thesis refers to a range of first-hand materials written by genuine scholars in each specific filed of Islamic studies, analyzing a variety of topics, including terrorism, the origin of Islamic extremism, violence and suicide attacks, peace, tolerance, and Jiha