Analysis of Technological Competitiveness of Nations：An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Index Approach

碩士論文[[abstract]]本研究旨在探討來分析1997~2001年OECD會員國(29國)與非OECD會員國(7國)之科技競爭力及生產力成長變動趨勢，以利我國科技主管單位作為改善國家科技競爭力之參考。研究問題有四：(1)分析世界國家科技競爭力為何？(2)探討那一個國家其科技競爭力最佳？(3)比較OECD會員國與非會員國之科技競爭力差異為何？(4)分析國家科技競爭力變動趨勢如何？本研究採確定區域-窗口分析模式、交叉效率模式、對比模式與麥氏指數，選定3個投入項（GDP、全國研究發展經費、全國研究發展人力）及2個產出項（SCI論文篇數、美國專利核准數）以進行績效評估。研究發現：(1)樣本國家科技競爭力平均技術效率為53.3％、平均純技術效率為64.1％、平均規模效率為83.9％；(2)依據樣本國家平均交叉效率值之排序，排名前五名國家分別為瑞士、紐西蘭、匈牙利、英國與丹麥，台灣為第20名；(3)OECD會員國顯著優於非OECD會員國；(4) 13個國家年平均總要素生產力呈現成長，23個國家(含台灣)呈現衰退。[[abstract]]The purpose of this study is to assess technological competitiveness of 36 countries ( 29 OECD and 7 non-OECD countries) over the years 1997-2001 using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and malmquist index (MI). The study contributes to those who are in charge of national science and technology in Taiwan in delivering efficient and effective research and development to the science. To achieve the research aim above, we adopt the concept of productivity, i.e. outputs/inputs, to conduct this study. This study investigates four research questions including (1) What are technological competitiveness of nations? (2) Which country is the best practice? (3) Do OECD countries outperform than non-OECD countries? (4) What is the productivity growth of there countries?? We use an output-oriented AR-window, CEM, bilateral and MI model to estimate efficiencies across countries and choose three inputs (GDP、GDP on R&D, total number of R&D personnel) and two outputs (number of published SCI papers and number of U.S patents granted) for this study. Results of this study show: (1) mean technical efficiency is 53.3 %, mean pure technical efficiency is 64.1 % and mean scale efficiency is 83.9 %. (2) top five countries based on CEM ranking are Switzerland, New Zealand, Hungary, United Kingdom, and Denmark; Taiwan is the 20rd; (3) OCED countries outperform than non-OECD countries; (4) 13 countries were increasing total factor productivity while 23 countries including Taiwan were declining