Countertransference experiences of mental health professionals who work with trauma survivors : an interpretative phenomenological analysis

Abstract: It has been well documented in literature that mental health professionals (MHP) experience a wide range of powerful countertransference reactions during trauma work. This study explored MHPs‟ countertransference reactions in their work with trauma survivors and investigated how these reactions were dealt with and perceived in the context of the therapeutic relationship. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. The sample consisted of five participants who had previous experience in working therapeutically with trauma survivors. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results indicated that MHPs identified with their clients‟ experiences of trauma. Their reactions included that of shock, anger, shame, helplessness, sorrow, and pain. MHPs perceived these countertransference reactions to be beneficial in trauma work, provided that these reactions were accurately understood and appropriately managed. To this end, several coping strategies were recommended for the management of countertransference reactions. Furthermore, the effects of countertransference were highlighted. Interestingly, both the emotionally draining effects of working with trauma survivors and the positive and uplifting aspects of trauma work were reported with equal fervour. In sum, the results underscored the necessity for MHPs to recognize, identify, and resolve their own responses in trauma work so that they could be used to advance therapy. These findings were generally found to be consistent with existing literature. However, additional research relating to countertransference disclosure and vicarious resilience were also recommended.M.A. (Clinical Psychology