Summary Summary Since 1981, the Algerian government of President Chadli Bendjedid has been carrying out a major and multi?faceted programme of economic restructuring and liberalisation, swinging away from the rigorously socialist approach of the Boumediene government in the 1970s. This article examines the relationship between this reorientation of policy and the particular character of the Algerian state. It identifies the constitutive principle of the Algerian state and shows that, whereas the attempted transition to socialism under Boumediene began to transgress these principles, the economic policy of Chadlism represents the reassertion of these principles at the expense of the state's avowed commitment to socialism. Resumen ...