Hittites and Anatolian ethnic diversity

Late Bronze Age Anatolia was dominated by the kingdom of the Hittites. Though its ruling class was an intrusive Indo-European group, the kingdom was made up of many ethnic elements, including a pre-Indo-European population called Hattians, another large Indo-European group known as Luwians, and a third Indo-European group called Palaians. Hurrians were also a component of the Hittite kingdom, as were Syrians. Following the empire's collapse, Luwian elements persisted in various parts of Anatolia, especially on the Mediterranean coast where they became an important component of the Lycian civilization, and further east in the region of Rough Cilicia. Luwians were a significant component of the Hittites' Iron Age successors, the Neo-Hittite kingdoms of southeastern Anatolia and northern Syria. In this period too, Phrygians established themselves in Anatolia, and along the western coast, numerous colonies were founded by Aeolians and Ionian Greeks. There were further Greek settlements in Pamphylia on the southern coast