Shifting boundaries of cybercrime: from computer hacking to cyber-terrorism

This article reviews the evolution of, and changing rationale for, computer-related offences in Australia. The authors critically examine the provisions of the Model Criminal Code and the extent to which they have influenced recent legislation at both Commonwealth and State/Territory levels. The cross-border implications of cybercrime are examined in the context of these reforms. Evidential and procedural obstacles to successful prosecution are also explored. The authors suggest that a new conceptual framework based on protecting the integrity of computer systems is now emerging