High bone mineral density and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes as skeletal complications of inadequate glucose control: The Rotterdam study
- Oei, L. (Ling)
- Zillikens, M.C. (Carola)
- Dehghan, A. (Abbas)
- Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle)
- Castaño Betancourt, M.C. (Martha)
- Estrada Gil, K. (Karol)
- Stolk, L. (Lisette)
- Oei, E.H.G. (Edwin)
- Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce) van
- Janssen, J.A.M.J.L. (Joop)
- Hofman, A. (Albert)
- Leeuwen, J.P.T.M. (Hans) van
- Witteman, J.C.M. (Jacqueline)
- Pols, H.A.P. (Huib)
- Uitterlinden, A.G. (André)
- Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline)
- Franco, O.H. (Oscar)
- Rivadeneira Ramirez, F. (Fernando)
DOIAbstract
OBJECTIVE - Individuals with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk despite higher bone mineral density (BMD). Our aim was to examine the influence of glucose control on skeletal complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Data of 4,135 participants of the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort, were available (mean follow-up 12.2 years). At baseline, 420 participants with type 2 diabetes were classified by glucose control (according to HbA1c calculated from fructosamine), resulting in three comparison groups: adequately controlled diabetes (ACD; n = 203; HbA1c <7.5%), inadequately controlled diabetes (ICD; n = 217; HbA1c ≥7.5%), and no diabetes (n = 3,715). Models adjusted for sex, age, height, and weight (and femora...
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