De la dissymétrie des distributions locales des vitesses dans un gaz granulaires stationnaires excités par vibration, et de l'impossibilité de sa description à l'aide de l'hydrodynamique classique

The present thesis is dedicated to the experimental and simulation study of vibro-fluidized granular gases dynamics. Granular gases are characterized by dissipation due to inelastic collisions. To keep a steady state, continuous energy is injected to balance dissipation by vibration. This system provides a platform to study the physics of non-linear, non-equilibrium and dissipative systems. This dissertation insisted on the necessity of understanding the local state in the granular gases and building a new model for vibration-fluidized granular gases. Research approach included experiments in micro-gravity, event-driven molecular dynamic simulation and experiments in tilted plane with various gravity. Micro-gravity experiments were performed on Airbus A380 (Parabolic flight) to avoid friction with the bottom and gravity field. A long range boundary effect is found to exist in 2D vibration granular gases. Local distributions of the velocity component in the vibration direction are asymmetric in the whole cell except for the center bin. In the system, energy equi-partition breaks down. ``Granular temperature" is not efficient to describe such a system. We proposed a superposition of two Gaussian model to describe the local asymmetric velocity profiles along the vibration direction. We demonstrated the performance of this model by the Airbus experimental data and others’ simulation works. Event-driven molecular dynamics simulation was utilized. Results showed support for experiment results. Furthermore, we found this long range boundary effect is related to the system dissipation. This effect becomes pronounced if the coefficient of restitution (e