Architectures, Technologies, and Stadiums Atmospheres

International audienceThe aims of this work are to understand some changes in the behavior of football spectators and fans in the stadium. For that, the analysis considers the architecture of new stadiums in one hand, the evolution of elite football in Europe in another hand, and the links with fans by a sociological approach. The information is coming from academics researches and journalists commentaries. The results show that the necessity to struggle against hooliganism and violence of the ultras, the football spectacle commodification, the building of new sport facilities, and the ticket price policy to make them profitable, induced the gentrification of the public. As a former French professional footballer said, “In the past, the fans encouraged, today, they sing.