The european public sphere was constituted under the impulse of the litterary use of reason. At its origin, it cannot be dissociated from a progress of the faculty of aesthetic judgement. During the XIXth century, « publicity » has been transformed into a market of cultural goods, whose consumption has taken the place of the litterary use of reason and destroyed the experience of the subject. This decline is accompnied by a loss of sensus communis, paralleled by a major transformation of the status of the artist’s work, which resists to the efficiency principles. Through this resistance, art stimulates and maintains the reflexive capacity to judge and, thereby, also the promise of an extension of mind’s freedom. Three politics of judgement ...