Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the thyroid in a patient with hyperthyroidism.

Primary thyroid lymphoma is incredibly rare with an annual incidence of approximately 2.1 per million persons, accounting for 2% of thyroid malignancies. One of the only known risk factors is autoimmune thyroid disease, specifically Hashimoto\u27s, although there have been a few cases of thyroid lymphoma associated with Graves\u27 disease. Here, we present one such case of a patient with pre-existing hyperthyroidism who developed non-Hodgkin\u27s lymphoma of the thyroid. The patient initially presented with rapidly progressing right-sided neck swelling. He was clinically and biochemically euthyroid with negative thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin, maintained on methimazole. Biopsy of the thyroid nodule with flow cytometry revealed non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Intervention included radiation therapy