A review of offshore wind turbines: global added capacity, monopile structure foundations stresses and deflection

Offshore wind power is now a significant source of clean renewable energy. The paper summarizes the key findings from recent energy studies on the growth in offshore wind power's added capacity to the global energy system. The review paper referred to parts of the configuration of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) and their supporting structures, and focused on the monopole support structure due to its importance in building offshore wind farms and studying and discussing the most published research related to the mono support structure and its response to wind loads and wave loads affecting them. Recent studies have varied between numerical analysis research, research and master's theses and doctoral theses on calculating stresses on offshore wind turbines. Due to the importance of the topic, studies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which have developed greatly in recent years, have been reviewed (simulation and simulation research). Hybrids (RTHS) and experimental research. The paper concluded with the conclusion that the interest in experimental studies and research close to the conditions of marine turbines is through the construction of special laboratories that include advanced equipment with quantitative measurements, with high technical standards and good reliability, developments of simulation tools of various forms in order to approach efficient and low-cost design