Feebate System as an Alternative to Taxes in Environmental Regulation of Light Vehicle Transportation

The article examines the problem of increasing air pollution from moving vehicles in Ukraine relying on the European experience of dealing with the problem. The System Dynamic method is used to build a feebate model to decrease the air pollution in Ukraine on the basis of P’HAPI framework. To lessen CO2 emissions, the authors introduce a feebate program that is the alternative to environmental taxes and fiscal ways to stimulate purchases of electric cars in Ukraine. The model suggests that fees for diesel, gasoline, or hybrid car are paid annually, whereas the rebate is paid once at the purchase time of a new pure electric vehicle. The feebate fund uses initial investment from government to launch its work; fees and interest earned are used to pay the rebates. The conducted analysis and the realization of System Dynamics model allowed to develop an effective programme that lasts 6 years from 2018 till 2024, increases the market share of electric cars, reduces the share of diesel and gasoline cars and results in significant decrease of the level of CO2 emissions and air pollution. Several important obstacles on the way to implement the policy are mentioned in the article, namely legislative, administrative, social, informational, and infrastructural. The results of this research can be used when making management decisions by state regulators. The feebate policy turned out to be promising as it offers an alternative to taxation and a perspective way to promote better environmental regulation in transportation