Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem)) is the main defoliator in the boreal forest of North America, and its outbreaks have major ecological and economic consequences and represent a challenge for forest management. Numerous studies have addressed the effects of this defoliator on mature trees, whereas the effects of spruce budworm on regeneration remain elusive. Furthermore, intensive exploitation practices during the last decades have left a large area of the Canadian boreal forest in an early development stage. In this context, it becomes vital to understand those factors affecting the severity of spruce budworm-related defoliation on regeneration. Here, we determine the defoliation severity of black spruce and balsam fir seedl...
In the long term, defoliation strongly decreases tree growth and survival. Insect outbreaks are a ty...
In Canada, new forestry practices involving the natural dynamics of tree growth and regeneration are...
Defoliation by spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) on balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mi...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem)) is the main defoliator in the boreal forest of Nort...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem)) is the main defoliator in the boreal forest of Nort...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the main defoliator of conifer trees in North American ...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the main defoliator of conifer trees in North American ...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the main defoliator of conifer trees in North American ...
In Canada, new forestry practices involving the natural dynamics of tree growth and regeneration are...
In Canada, new forestry practices involving the natural dynamics of tree growth and regeneration are...
Defoliation level and site type are thought to influence tree response during spruce budworm (Choris...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
In the long term, defoliation strongly decreases tree growth and survival. Insect outbreaks are a ty...
In Canada, new forestry practices involving the natural dynamics of tree growth and regeneration are...
Defoliation by spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) on balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mi...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem)) is the main defoliator in the boreal forest of Nort...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem)) is the main defoliator in the boreal forest of Nort...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the main defoliator of conifer trees in North American ...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the main defoliator of conifer trees in North American ...
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the main defoliator of conifer trees in North American ...
In Canada, new forestry practices involving the natural dynamics of tree growth and regeneration are...
In Canada, new forestry practices involving the natural dynamics of tree growth and regeneration are...
Defoliation level and site type are thought to influence tree response during spruce budworm (Choris...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insect...
In the long term, defoliation strongly decreases tree growth and survival. Insect outbreaks are a ty...
In Canada, new forestry practices involving the natural dynamics of tree growth and regeneration are...
Defoliation by spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) on balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mi...