Uji Fitokimia Dan Uji Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Rumput Teki (Cyperus Rotundus L.) Terhadap Bakteri Salmonella Thypi Dan Staphylococcus Aureus

Rumput teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) sudah lama digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat dibelahan benua Asia termasuk Indonesia. Penggunaan secara empiris terutama pada penyakit infeksi seperti demam tifoid, diare, malaria, dan infeksi pencernaan akibat bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol umbi rumput teki terhadap bakteri Salmonella thypi dan Staphylococcus aureus, serta uji penapisan kandungan fitokimia. Umbi rumput teki di ekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan penapisan fitokimia. Uji antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer dengan membagi ekstrak menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri dari konsentrasi 10% v/v, 40% v/v, 70% v/v, dan 100% v/v. Kontrol positif antibiotik menggunakan Kloramfenikol dan kontrol negatif menggunakan akuades. Hasil penapisan fitokimia ekstrak etanol umbi rumput teki mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan saponin. Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan adanya zona hambat pada Salmonella thypi dan Staphylococcus aureus. Pada bakteri Salmonella thypi menunjukkan rerata zona hambat sebesar 10% = 7.43 mm, 40% = 9.45 mm, 70% = 10.30 mm, dan 100% = 12.62 mm. Pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan rerata zona hambat sebesar 10% = 3.40 mm, 40% = 6.78 mm, 70% = 7.79 mm, dan 100% = 12.23 mm. Kata kunci : Umbi rumput teki, Fitokimia, Zona Hambat, Antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella thypi/Nut grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) has long been used as traditional medicine by people in parts of the Asian continent including Indonesia. Empirical use, especially in infectious diseases such as typhoid fever, diarrhea, malaria, and bacterial digestive infections. This study aims to look at the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of the nut grass tubers against Salmonella thypi and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, as well as phytochemical content screening tests. Nut grass bulbs were macerated using 96% ethanol. The extract obtained was then subjected to phytochemical screening. The antibacterial test was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer method and devided into 5 groups with extract concentrations of 10% v/v, 40% v/v, 70% v/v, and 100% v/v. Positive control of antibiotics using Chloramphenicol and negative control using distilled water. The results of phytochemical screening of ethanol extracts from nut grass tubers contain flavonoid compounds and saponins. Antibacterial test results showed the presence of inhibitory zones in Salmonella thypi and Staphylococcus aureus. Salmonella thypi bacteria showed a mean inhibition zone of 10% = 7.43 mm, 40% = 9.45 mm, 70% = 10.30 mm, and 100% = 12.62 mm. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria showed an average inhibition zone of 10% = 3.40 mm, 40% = 6.78 mm, 70% = 7.79 mm, and 100% = 12.23 mm. Keywords: Nut grass tubers, Phytochemistry, Inhibitory zone, Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella thyp