Grammar systems in simple splicing

Splicing systems was first introduced by Head in 1987 as a mathematical model of the generative formalism that initiates the connection between formal language theory and the study of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The mathematical modeling of splicing was developed by involving the activities of restriction enzymes and ligases on a set of DNA molecules. The language resulted from the splicing systems is called the splicing language. The splicing languages are then formalized and investigated by using concepts in formal language theory. Among the different types of splicing systems is the simple splicing system. In this research, some molecular examples on the reduction process of splicing systems into simple splicing systems by using the concept of solid codes are presented. This research focuses on simple splicing systems and its relation with grammar systems where grammar is one of the basic concepts in formal language theory. Among the grammar systems presented in this research are the four types of simple splicing grammar systems (SSGS), pattern grammar systems and pure pattern grammar systems. Then, SSGS is further applied in the test tube system, known as the simple test tube systems. The languages resulted from the various types of SSGS in simple test tube systems are then being analyzed and compared