Analysis of norfloxacin ecotoxicity and the relation with its degradation by means of electrochemical oxidation using different anodes

[EN] In this work, ecotoxicological bioassays based on Lactuca sativa seeds and bioluminescent bacterium (Vibrio fischeri) have been carried out in order to quantify the toxicity of Norfloxacin (NOR) and sodium sulfate solutions, before and after treating them using electrochemical advanced oxidation. The effect of some process variables (anode material, reactor configuration and applied current) on the toxicity evolution of the treated solution has been studied. A NOR solution shows an EC50 (5 days) of 336 mg L-1 towards Lactuca sativa. This threshold NOR concentration decreases with sodium sulfate concentration, in solutions that contain simultaneously Norfloxacin and sodium sulfate. In every case considered in this work, the electrochemical advanced oxidation process increased the toxicity (towards both Lactuca sativa and Vibrio fischeri) of the solution. This toxicity increase is mainly due to the persulfate formation during the electrochemical treatment. From a final solution toxicity point of view, the best results were obtained using a BDD anode in a divided reactor applying the lowest current intensity.The authors are very grateful to the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Projects CTQ2015-65202-C2-1-R and RTI2018-101341-B-C21) for their economic support.Montañés, M.; García Gabaldón, M.; Roca-Pérez, L.; Giner-Sanz, JJ.; Mora-Gómez, J.; Pérez-Herranz, V. (2020). Analysis of norfloxacin ecotoxicity and the relation with its degradation by means of electrochemical oxidation using different anodes. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 188:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109923110188Banks, M. K., & Schultz, K. E. (2005). Comparison of Plants for Germination Toxicity Tests in Petroleum-Contaminated Soils. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 167(1-4), 211-219. doi:10.1007/s11270-005-8553-4Barreto, J. P. d. P., Araujo, K. C. d. F., de Araujo, D. M., & Martinez-Huitle, C. A. (2015). 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