Community-acquired escherichia coli bacteremia after age 50 and subsequent incidence of a cancer diagnosis: A Danish population-based cohort study

Background: Community-acquired bacteremia (CAB) with Escherichia coli may signal occult cancer. This might differ between phylogenetic groups. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study in northern Denmark (1994-2013) to examine whether E. coli CAB after age 50 is associated with incident cancer. We followed patients from their bacteremia diagnosis date to identify subsequent gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and urinary tract cancer diagnoses. We calculated 1- and 5-year cumulative cancer incidence. We compared the observed incidence with that expected based on national cancer incidence rates, and computed standardized incidence ratios (SIR) at 0-1 year. In a subcohort, we assessed the prevalence of phylogenetic groups. Results: Among 2,735 patients with E. coli CAB, 173 later were diagnosed with cancer. The 1-year cumulative incidence of a gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary tract cancer was 1.9%, and the 0-