Molecular Identification and Isolation of Antimicrobial, Phytochemical, Antioxidant Properties of Different Solvent Extracts from Wild Mushrooms

The main objective of the present research work was to identify the unknown wild mushrooms based on morphological characteristics and DNA based sequencing by using universal primers ITS 1 and ITS 4 which were collected from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. To test the potential of various extracts of mushrooms by using three different solvents (Methanol, Hot Water and Hexane). To elucidate antimicrobial properties, qualitative and quantitative estimation of phytochemical properties and antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Then, IC50 values were determined. The four isolates were identified on the basis of morphological and molecular characterization was identified as Trametes versicolor, Daedaleopsis confragosa, Schizophyllum communae and Tyromyces chioneus. Three different solvents had been shown good antimicrobial activity against all pathogenic microorganisms. The hot water extract of T. versicolor exhibited more amount of phenol content (11.13±0.081) and ascorbic acid content (9.62±0.086). Methanol extract of S. communae showed high amount of flavonoids content (12.58±0.138). Methanol extract of T. chioneus exhibited more amount of β-carotene (3.54±0.010) and hot water extract of D. confragosa exhibited more amount of lycopene content (2.29±0.012). The DPPH free radical scavenging activity and IC50 values was much more exhibited by methanol extracts then followed by hot water extracts and hexane extracts of wild mushrooms they all have exhibited stronger antioxidant activity between (40-50 µg/ml). This comprehensive analysis demonstrates that these mushrooms having a viable source of natural antioxidants that can utilized for functional foods, nutraceutical’s applications with beneficial biological activities and implementation of new drug discovery